GEMSTONES ANATOMY

Gemstone anatomy consists of the crown, which is the top part of the gemstone responsible for capturing light, and the pavilion, the bottom part that reflects light internally. The interaction between these facets creates the gemstone's brilliance and visual effects.

Cut

Colored gemstones are cut into various shapes and styles to enhance their natural beauty. The ideal cut for a gemstone maximizes its ability to capture and reflect light evenly, avoiding any dark areas or windowing. There are no strict rules for cutting colored gemstones; instead, the cutter often tailors the cut to work around any inclusions, minimizing their visibility.

The facets on the crown (top) of the gemstone capture light, while the facets on the pavilion (bottom) reflect it internally. This interplay of light results in various visual effects that enhance the gemstone's appearance.

Clarity

Gemstone clarity is classified based on the geological conditions of their formation, which affects their appearance both with and without magnification. According to the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), colored gemstones are categorized into three types for clarity grading: This method is simple, accessible, and effective for ensuring a proper fit.

Type I

Gemstones formed under conditions with minimal inclusions, often appearing "eye-clean.

Type II

Gemstones formed under more intense conditions, leading to more noticeable inclusions.

Type III

Formed under most extreme conditions, displaying visible inclusions and rarely appearing eye-clean.

Polish

Gemstones are polished to achieve a reflective finish, enabling light to refract through the stone and reflect off its surface. Various materials, including fine diamond grades and metal oxides like aluminum oxide or ferric oxide, as well as felt, leather, or wood, can be used for polishing. The polish of a gemstone is closely linked to its sparkle and brilliance.